One Square Edge. Boards with one square edge and one waney edge.

Lower grade softwood stock

Lower grade softwood stock

Air Dried lumber. It will be at 18% moisture content or higher.

A hard, tough material used to smooth out rough surfaces; a common abrasive is sandpaper.

A substance that is capable of bonding other materials to each other. Woodworkers primarily use PVA (white or yellow) glue to bond together wood surfaces

Method for drying lumber that permits stacks of sawn wood to dry naturally in the open air. Lumber is stickered to allow ventilation through the boards.

Second grade hardwood that has between 67% and 83% defect clear wood.

Firsts and Seconds. The best grade to look for in hardwoods. At least 83% of the board will be free of defects.

The actual size of the prepared stock after it has been machined. About 1/8th inch will be removed from each face.

Used to describe sandpaper, friable means that when heat and pressure is applied to the sandpaper, the sandpaper grits fragment or beak up into smaller pieces. The more friable, the more these little pieces retain their sharp edges. Aluminum oxide is a sandpaper that is friable, garnet is not.

Forest Stewardship Council. A certification organization that promote sustainable management of forests for manufacturing of wood and paper products.

Kiln Dried lumber. Usually dried to about 12% moisture content.

A kickback in woodworking refers to a situation that can happen when the wood you are cutting, (usually on a tablesaw, but also on other woodworking machinery) binds or sticks against the blades somehow. The result is that whatever is being cut is thrown back at the operator at very high speeds. Kickbacks occur more often when ripping than when cross-cutting. This is one of the more dangerous situations of woodworking but can be easily avoided.

The original size of the stock before machining. As in a 2 x 4 which is different than the finished size.